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Social stress, problem-solving deficits contribute to suicide risk for teen girls: Adolescents who have trouble solving interpersonal problems and experience greater interpersonal stress may be at elevated risk for suicidal behavior, study suggestsTeen girls who have greater difficulty effectively solving interpersonal problems when they experience social stress, and who experience more interpersonal stress in their lives, are at greater risk of suicidal behavior, suggests research published by the American Psychological Association. Suicide is the second-leading cause of death among teens, and rates of suicidal behavior are particularly high among girls. Previous research has found that interpersonal stressors – such as conflict ... American Psychological Association - 5/25/2023Researchers treat depression by reversing brain signals traveling the wrong wayPowerful magnetic pulses applied to the scalp to stimulate the brain can bring fast relief to many severely depressed patients for whom standard treatments have failed. Yet it's been a mystery exactly how transcranial magnetic stimulation, as the treatment is known, changes the brain to dissipate depression. Now, research led by Stanford Medicine scientists has found that the treatment works by reversing the direction of abnormal brain signals. The findings also suggest that backward streams ... Stanford Medicine - 5/23/2023Data from wearables could be a boon to mental health diagnosis: WashU team uses Fitbit data, deep learning to detect depression, anxietyDepression and anxiety are among the most common mental health disorders in the United States, but more than half of people struggling with the conditions are not diagnosed and treated. Hoping to find simple ways to detect such disorders, mental health professionals are considering the role of popular wearable fitness monitors in providing data that could alert wearers to potential health risks. While the long-term feasibility of detecting such disorders with wearable technology is an open ... Washington University in St. Louis - 5/22/2023Is there a link between depression and inflammation of the brain?People with depression have fewer active microglial cells, according to a new study by the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience. What does that mean? Depression is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Insight into disease pathophysiology and novel therapeutics are urgently needed, as treatment resistance is common and occurs in up to 30% of the patients. Previous research showed that patients with depression have ... Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience - KNAW - 5/22/2023New research finds mechanism that regulates PTSD in the female brainFrom humans to plants to single-cell organisms, there’s a protein that rules them all. This protein does general housekeeping of the cells, regulating them through normal daily functions. Virginia Tech researchers found that one specific form of this ubiquitous protein has a different function in the female brains – it helps regulate events in the memory that cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). “The protein is primarily thought of as a protein that marks other proteins to be ... Virginia Tech - 5/19/2023Did hormonal birth control make you depressed? If so, you may be at higher risk of postpartum depressionInability to feel happy, low spirits, fatigue, and loss of appetite. These are common symptoms of postpartum depression. When left untreated, postpartum depression can affect infant development or in worst case result in the mother committing suicide. New research from the University of Copenhagen shows that we may be able to help some of the mothers at risk of developing postpartum depression by knowing if hormonal birth control had affected their mental health in the past. University of Copenhagen - The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences - 5/17/2023Evidence of ‘pandemic brain’ in college students: Decision making was less consistent compared to pre-2020 dataDecision-making capabilities of college students – including some graduating this spring – were likely negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, new research suggests. Students in the small study conducted by researchers at The Ohio State University were less consistent in their decision making during the 2020 fall semester compared to students who had participated in similar research over several previous years. The researchers compared responses to a hypothetical situation ... Ohio State University - 5/17/2023Addiction scientists seek to better understand cocaine use disorder: ‘Stimulants are coming back’Nearly 2 percent of the U.S. population reported cocaine use in 2020, and the highly addictive substance was involved in nearly one in five overdose deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control. In Virginia, the number of cocaine-related overdoses has been increasing since 2013, with 968 fatal overdoses in 2022, according to preliminary data from the Virginia Department of Health, a 20 percent increase over 2021. Of those, four in five included fentanyl — prescription, illicit or ... Virginia Tech - 5/14/2023Therapy sessions benefit mothers, children in homeless shelter: Pilot study shows reductions in stress symptomsShort-term therapy sessions with parents and their children in homeless shelters could help improve parenting skills and reduce parental stress and children’s post-traumatic stress symptoms, according to a pilot study published by the American Psychological Association. Researchers from Florida International University partnered with Lotus House in Miami, one of the largest women’s homeless shelters in the U.S. The study included 144 families (mother and one child) with children from ... American Psychological Association - 5/11/2023Anti-depressant agent KNT-127 reduces stress as well as depression: Scientists have developed a potential anti-depressant that exhibits anti-stressing as well as anti-depressant effects with minimal side effectsDepression is a condition affecting millions across the globe. However, efficient drugs with minimal adverse effects are scarce. Now, researchers have reported how KNT-127, a delta opioid receptor agonist, quickly and efficiently reduces classic parameters of depression in a mouse model. This anti-depressant agent exhibits the dual nature of being a stress reliever and an anti-depressant and could broaden the potential of existing treatments. Tokyo University of Science - 5/8/2023Covid-19 pandemic has had long-term impact on families, LMU study showsIn retrospect, the Covid-19 pandemic seems to consist of an ebb and flow of lockdowns and periods of loosened restrictions. But for children and families, the long-term effects have been predominantly negative since the first lockdown in the spring of 2020. A team at the Chair of Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology at LMU, led by Professor Markus Paulus, has shown that although the well-being of children temporarily recovered after the first lockdown was over, the ... Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München - 5/8/2023Casual cannabis use by adolescents raises risk of depression, suicidality: Recreational users are two to four times as likely to develop psychiatric disorders than teens who don’t use cannabis at allA Columbia University study has found that teens who use cannabis recreationally are two to four times as likely to develop psychiatric disorders, such as depression and suicidality, than teens who don’t use cannabis at all. The research, published in JAMA Network Open May 3, also finds that casual cannabis use puts teens at risk for problem behaviors, including poor academic performance, truancy, and trouble with the law, which can have long-term negative consequences that may ... Columbia University Irving Medical Center - 5/6/2023Married couples who merge finances may be happier, stay together longerThe Beatles famously sang, "Money can't buy me love," but married couples who manage their finances together may love each other longer, according to research from the Indiana University Kelley School of Business. Prior research suggests a correlation that couples who merge finances tend to be happier than those who do not. But this is the first research to show a causal relationship -- that married couples who have joint bank accounts not only have better relationships, but ... Indiana University - 5/4/2023Sleep phase can reduce anxiety in people with PTSDA new study shows that sleep spindles, brief bursts of brain activity occurring during one phase of sleep and captured by EEG, may regulate anxiety in people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study shines a light on the role of spindles in alleviating anxiety in PTSD as well as confirms their established role in the transfer of new information to longer-term memory storage. The findings challenge recent work by other researchers that has indicated spindles may heighten ... University of California - San Francisco - 5/3/2023Sounds from nature: A soothing remedy for gambling addiction - Researchers explore the benefits of using calming sounds from nature to lower the stress levels of individuals with gambling addictionGambling addiction, also called “pathological gambling” and “gambling disorder (GD),” is known to have severe economic, social, mental, and physical consequences on those affected. One of the major factors contributing to the development and relapse of this disorder is stress. However, studies show that replacing gambling with alternative leisure activities may reduce the likelihood of developing the disorder. In recent years, forest bathing, or “shinrin-yoku,” a form of nature therapy, ... Chiba University - 4/27/2023Mental imagery a helpful way to distract teens from negative thought patterns, OSU study findsFor adolescents who may get stuck in negative thought spirals, refocusing on mental imagery is a more effective distraction than verbal thoughts, a recent study from Oregon State University found. A short-term distraction can break up the thought spiral, which makes room for that person to then seek help from a therapist, friend or parent, said study author Hannah Lawrence, an assistant professor of psychology in OSU’s College of Liberal Arts. “When we get stuck thinking about negative ... Oregon State University - 4/27/2023Higher rates of autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in American children: Are food quality issues impacting epigenetic inheritance?In a recent publication released by PubMed, American scientists led by Dr. Dufault at the Food Ingredient and Health Research Institute, reported alarming increases in the numbers of children requiring special education services. While student enrollment in US schools remained stable from 2006-2021, the percentage of children receiving special education services increased 10.4%. Of the three disability categories under which children with autism may receive services, autism caseload ... Food Ingredient and Health Research Institute - 4/27/2023Music therapy significantly reduces pain, stress, and anxiety in community hospitalsA new study from University Hospitals (UH) Connor Whole Health found patients with moderate-to-severe pain, stress, or anxiety treated at UH community hospitals reported clinically significant reductions in pain, stress, and anxiety in response to a single session of music therapy. Furthermore, the clinically significant effect on pain was not influenced by patients’ demographic or clinical characteristics, suggesting that music therapy can be effective for acute pain management across ... University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center - 4/26/2023Adults with accelerated biological aging are more likely to experience depression and anxietyA study just released by Columbia Mailman School of Public Health and Peking University School of Public Health provides some of the first, large-scale evidence that processes of biological aging may contribute to risk of depression and anxiety. Until now nearly all work to date had focused on poor mental health as a risk factor for accelerated aging. A complementary, but less-studied hypothesis is that the reverse process may also occur and accelerated processes of biological aging ... Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health - 4/25/2023Signs you could be suffering from racial trauma – and tools for healing, according to therapistsIn the United States, depression and anxiety are on the rise in African Americans and the evidence suggests that racism is a contributing factor, creating a ripple effect on mental health. Janeé M. Steele Ph.D. and Charmeka S. Newton, Ph.D. are licensed mental health professionals and scholars who specialize in culturally responsive therapy. They say: “In the Black community there can be a real resistance to our own trauma – for example, if I wasn’t exposed to physical abuse, is it really ... Taylor & Francis Group - 4/25/2023Biological age is increased by stress and restored upon recoveryThe biological age of humans and mice undergoes a rapid increase in response to diverse forms of stress, which is reversed following recovery from stress, according to a study publishing on April 21 in the journal Cell Metabolism. These changes occur over relatively short time periods of days or months, according to multiple independent epigenetic aging clocks. “This finding of fluid, fluctuating, malleable age challenges the longstanding conception of a unidirectional upward trajectory of ... Cell Press - 4/21/2023Impact of maternal stress during pregnancy on child's health: First-of-its-kind research could provide key insight to fetal neurodevelopmentNew research out of the University of Cincinnati examines the impact that maternal stress during pregnancy has on the neurodevelopment of babies. The study was published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry. Prenatal maternal stress life events are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. Biological mechanisms underlying these associations are largely unknown, but a chemical reaction in the body in which a small molecule known as a methyl group gets added ... University of Cincinnati - 4/20/2023UMD Psychologist Finds Daily Occurrences’ Impact on Suicide, Self-Harm Ideation in LGBTQ+ TeensSince the start of 2023, a record number of anti-LGBTQ+ bills have been introduced into state legislatures. According to University of Maryland Associate Professor Ethan Mereish, such current events add to the list of daily thoughts and experiences that lead LGBTQ+ teens to report having suicidal and non-suicidal self-harm thoughts. Mereish recently led a first-of-its-kind study, published in the Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, that asked 12-19 year-old LGBTQ+ teens ... University of Maryland - 4/18/2023Managing stress with food and alcohol consumption connected with faster lifelong weight gainFood and alcohol consumption as means of easing stress are linked with body weight in both the long, and short terms. These are among the results of Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare's (THL) follow-up study examining how common eating and alcohol use are as stress management methods for men and women, and their connections with body weight and how it develops over a 30-year period. Eating as a means of stress management correlates with higher body weight, and as a ... Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare - 4/17/2023Researchers find earlier intervention leads to greater improvements in young children on the autism spectrumResearchers from Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Florida State University (FSU), and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) have demonstrated that starting intervention coaching parents of autistic toddlers as early as 18 months leads to better gains in language, social communication, and daily living skills. Their findings were recently published in the journal Autism. While prior studies provided strong evidence for the benefits of early intervention in autism, many ... Children's Hospital of Philadelphia - 4/13/2023The brain's support cells may play a key role in OCD: An effort to map complex and understudied cells leads to a surprise discoveryA type of cell usually characterized as the brain's support system appears to play an important role in obsessive-compulsive disorder-related behaviors, according to new UCLA Health research published April 12in Nature. The new clue about the brain mechanisms behind OCD, a disorder that is incompletely understood, came as a surprise to researchers. They originally sought to study how neurons interact with star-shaped "helper" cells known as astrocytes, which are known to ... University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences - 4/12/2023Poor family cohesion is associated with long-term psychological impacts in bereaved teenagersThe death of a parent can affect the health and well-being of children and adolescents, including higher risk of depression. A study published in PLOS ONE by Dröfn Birgisdóttir at Lund University, Lund, Sweden and colleagues suggests poor family cohesion is associated with long-term psychological symptoms among bereaved youth. Parentally bereaved children are at increased risk for mental illness including depression, anxiety, suicide attempts, and self-injurious behaviors. PLOS - 4/12/2023Scientists create model to predict depression and anxiety using artificial intelligence and social mediaResearchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil are using artificial intelligence (AI) and Twitter, one of the world’s largest social media platforms, to try to create anxiety and depression prediction models that could in future provide signs of these disorders before clinical diagnosis. The study is reported in an article published in the journal Language Resources and Evaluation. Construction of a database, called SetembroBR, was the first step in the study. The name is a ... Agência FAPESP - 4/10/2023New genetic finding provides clue for personalizing depression treatmentA team of scientists at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) has identified a stress-regulated gene that plays a role in the link between long-term stress and a common type of depressive behavior in mice. Specifically, this gene was needed for long-term stress to produce a loss of interest in activities that were once rewarding or pleasurable – often called anhedonia. However, the gene did not play a role in other common depressive-like symptoms, such as social avoidance and ... Medical University of South Carolina - 4/7/2023Exposure therapy to feared foods may help kids with eating disordersWhether you're afraid of dogs, needles or enclosed spaces, one of the most effective interventions for this type of anxiety disorder is exposure therapy in which you confront your fear in a safe environment. A new study led by researchers at Penn State College of Medicine finds that exposure therapy is also a promising treatment for adolescents with eating disorders. They found that exposure to feared foods -- such as candy bars and pizza -- helped kids who were in a partial hospitalization ... Penn State - 4/5/2023Study reveals insights on pandemic-related drinking and mental health: People who maintained their drinking habits had lower prevalence of mental health issues compared to those who abstained or whose drinking patterns changedNew research from the University at Buffalo provides the most comprehensive assessment to date of drinking patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and their association with four clinically prevalent mental health disorders in the U.S. The study, published in March in the journal Alcohol and Alcoholism, looked at alcohol consumption among more than 3,600 U.S. residents, and examined associations between drinking patterns and anxiety, depression, stress and post-traumatic stress disorder ... University at Buffalo - 4/3/2023Newly discovered trigger for major depression opens new possibilities for treatmentsA common amino acid, glycine, can deliver a “slow-down” signal to the brain, likely contributing to major depression, anxiety and other mood disorders in some people, scientists at the Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology have found. The discovery, outlined Thursday in the journal Science, improves understanding of the biological causes of major depression and could accelerate efforts to develop new, faster-acting medications for such hard-to-treat mood ... University of Florida - 3/30/2023Binge eating brain circuits similar to those associated with drug use, other habit-forming behaviors: Study could lead to new ways to treat eating disordersScientists have uncovered the brain circuits that may underlie binge eating disorder and related conditions. The neural wiring is the same as that tied to psychiatric conditions such as drug addiction and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The work could lead to new ways to understand and treat eating disorders, says Rebecca Boswell, a clinical psychologist at Princeton University who was not involved with the study. Indeed, she says, some of the same drugs and strategies that seek to reverse ... American Association for the Advancement of Science - 3/29/2023The more traumatic the childhood, the angrier the adult: Childhood trauma linked with greater tendency to anger in anxious or depressed patientsScientists have found that depression and anxiety sufferers who have had a traumatic childhood tend to grow up as angry adults, and the worse the trauma, the angrier the adult. This can affect personal mental health and social interaction, but also makes it more difficult to treat the depression and anxiety. This work is presented at the European Congress of Psychiatry in Paris. Previously, the researchers had found that more than 40% of patients with both anxiety and depression had ... European Psychiatric Association - 3/25/2023Use of melatonin linked to decreased self-harm in young peopleMedical sleep treatment may reduce self-harm in young people with anxiety and depression, an observational study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden suggests. The risk of self-harm increased in the months preceding melatonin prescription and decreased thereafter, especially in girls. The study is published in The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Melatonin is a hormone that controls the sleep-wake cycle and is the most commonly prescribed drug for sleep disturbances in ... Karolinska Institutet - 3/23/2023Depressed, and aging fast: Older adults with late-in-life-depression age biologically older than their chronological peersOlder adults with depression are actually aging faster than their peers, UConn Center on Aging researchers report. “These patients show evidence of accelerated biological aging, and poor physical and brain health,” which are the main drivers of this association, says Breno Diniz, a UConn School of Medicine geriatric psychiatrist and author of the study, which appears in Nature Mental Health on March 22. Diniz and colleagues from several other institutions looked at 426 people with ... University of Connecticut - 3/22/2023Researchers find strong adolescent-parent relationships lead to better long-term health outcomes in young adultsResearchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) have found that adolescents who report strong relationships with their parents have better long-term health outcomes. Study findings, published today in JAMA Network Open, suggest that investments in improving parent-adolescent relationships could help improve general health, mental health and sexual, health while also reducing substance use in young adulthood. Prior research shows that positive characteristics of ... Children's Hospital of Philadelphia - 3/21/2023New evidence: Immune system cells in the gut linked to stress-induced depressionIn experiments with mice and humans, a team led by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers says it has identified a particular intestinal immune cell that impacts the gut microbiome, which in turn may affect brain functions linked to stress-induced disorders such as depression. Targeting changes mediated by these immune cells in the gut, with drugs or other therapies, could potentially bring about new ways to treat depression. Johns Hopkins Medicine - 3/20/2023Attending live sport improves wellbeing – study: Research is first to demonstrate major benefits across large adult populationNew scientific research has found that attending live sporting events improves levels of wellbeing and reduces feelings of loneliness. Published in the journal Frontiers in Public Health, the research is the first large-scale study to examine the benefits of attending any type of live sporting event. The study, carried out by academics from Anglia Ruskin University’s School of Psychology and Sport Science, used data from 7,209 adults, aged 16-85, living in England who participated in the ... Anglia Ruskin University - 3/17/2023Progress in unlocking the brain's "code" for depressionClinical depression is a common psychiatric condition with often devastating consequences. A new study in Biological Psychiatry, published by Elsevier, advances our fundamental understanding of the neural circuitry of depression in the human brain. Treatment of depression is complicated by the disease’s high heterogeneity and notable complexity. Medication to treat depression is available, but one third of patients do not respond to these first-line drug treatments. Other treatments ... Elsevier - 3/16/2023
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