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Blood pressure drug holds promise for treating PTSDThere is new evidence that a 50-year-old blood pressure drug could find new purpose as a treatment to mitigate the often life-altering effects of increasingly prevalent PTSD, scientists say. Clonidine is commonly used as a high blood pressure medication and for ADHD. It's also already been studied in PTSD because clonidine works on adrenergic receptors in the brain, likely best known for their role in "fight or flight," a heightened state of response that helps keep us safe. These receptors ... Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University - 1/5/2023Generous parental leave is protective against poorer mental healthBeing on parental leave is protective against poorer mental health particularly among mothers, with evidence of this beneficial effect continuing in later life, according to a systematic review in The Lancet Public Health. Researchers from the Department of Public Health Sciences at Stockholm University and the Department of Global Public Health at Karolinska Institutet have conducted a systematic review investigating the relationship between parental leave and mental health in ... Stockholm University - 1/4/2023Pandemic put more parenting stress on mothersA first-of-its-kind study of parents’ work arrangements during the pandemic shows that mothers working from home increased their supervisory parenting fully two hours more than fathers did, and women were also more likely to adapt their work schedules to new parenting demands. The study used time diaries to examine how working parents managed school closures and childcare disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic – thought to be the first such use of that data. Cornell University - 1/3/2023People with perfectionist traits are more susceptible to burnout, according to new research, and it is not just work-related stress that is the causeChristmas is coming. We have all endured a global pandemic. There are coughs and colds everywhere. Bills are mounting. It is safe to say we are all exhausted – but when does tiredness tip into burnout? An expert in mental health and mood disorders has been studying the phenomenon of burnout closely for several years. The extensive research has now been released in the first complete self-help guide to burnout. The study highlights some of the warning signs of burnout and suggests ... Taylor & Francis Group - 12/29/2022How the brain stores remote fear memory: Mouse study could lead to novel therapies for people living with PTSDA remote fear memory is a memory of traumatic events that occurred in the distant past -- a few months to decades ago. A University of California, Riverside, mouse study published in Nature Neuroscience has now spelled out the fundamental mechanisms by which the brain consolidates remote fear memories. The study demonstrates that remote fear memories formed in the distant past are permanently stored in connections between memory neurons in the prefrontal cortex, or PFC. University of California - Riverside - 12/26/2022Child body weight has limited effects on mood and behavioral disordersChildhood body mass index is unlikely to have a big impact on children's mood or behavioural disorders, according to a study published today in eLife. The results suggest that some previous studies, which have shown a strong link between childhood obesity and mental health, may not have fully accounted for family genetics and environmental factors. Children with obesity are more likely to be diagnosed with depression, anxiety, or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). But the ... eLife - 12/20/2022New support for a serotonin deficit in depressionSince the 1960s, researchers have postulated that major depression stems from disruptions in the serotonin neurotransmitter system, but the evidence for that idea, though plentiful, was indirect. In fact, a recent comprehensive analysis of existing studies concluded that there was not strong evidence to support the 'serotonin hypothesis.' In its wake, some in the field have called for a reexamination of the hypothesis. Not so fast, says a new study that provides direct evidence of ... Elsevier - 12/15/2022New study reveals how entrepreneurs avoid burnout and accumulate happiness: First large-scale study of entrepreneurship and burnoutThe number of people struggling with mental problems like burnout and stress is higher than ever. Can we learn from entrepreneurs how to avoid burnout and accumulate happiness? Entrepreneurs are often portrayed as workaholic heroes, who put more time and energy into their work than salaried employees. To run their businesses, many entrepreneurs stay 'on', even outside regular working hours. However, contrary to what you might expect, entrepreneurs are no more at risk ... Universiteit van Amsterdam - 12/14/2022Screen time linked to OCD in U.S. preteens: Video gaming, watching videos most strongly tied to compulsive behaviorDuring the holidays, kids often spend more time on screens, leaving parents to wonder: Is it causing harm? Possibly. For preteens, the odds of developing OCD over a two-year period increased by 13% for every hour they played video games and by 11% for every hour they watched videos, according to a new national study led by UC San Francisco researchers that publishes Dec. 12 in the Journal of Adolescent Health. "Children who spend excessive time playing video games report feeling ... University of California - San Francisco - 12/12/2022Scientists uncover possible neural link between early life trauma and binge-eating disorder: Discovery may lead to therapeutic targets to treat binge eating, obesityNearly 3 percent of Americans suffer from binge-eating disorder at some point their lifetimes, and of them, more than eight in 10 survived childhood abuse, neglect, or other trauma. Now, a Virginia Tech scientist has identified how early life trauma may change the brain to increase the risk of binge eating later in life. Research led by principal investigator Sora Shin, an assistant professor with the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, revealed how a pathway in the brain that ... Virginia Tech - 12/12/2022Research links common sweetener with anxiety in mouse studyFlorida State University College of Medicine researchers have linked aspartame, an artificial sweetener found in nearly 5,000 diet foods and drinks, to anxiety-like behavior in mice. Along with producing anxiety in the mice who consumed aspartame, the effects extended up to two generations from the males exposed to the sweetener. The study is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "What this study is showing is we need to look back at the environmental ... Florida State University - 12/8/2022Researchers reveal how trauma changes the brainResearchers are learning more about how traumatic events may physically change our brains. Neurologists have revealed changes to a brain mechanism used for learning and survival may play a role in how someone responds to a threat following a traumatic experience. Another study found that another mechanism responsible for emotion and memory is impacted and may make it difficult for someone with PTSD to discriminate between safety, danger, or reward. It overgeneralizes ... University of Rochester Medical Center - 12/7/2022Study examines medication hesitancy to treat childhood anxiety disordersBoth medication and a specific form of talk therapy called cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are proven evidence-based treatments for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. But when CBT does not lead to improvement, do parents and their children opt to begin medication treatment? And what factors contribute to this decision? These were the questions researchers led by the University of Cincinnati's Jeffrey Strawn and Jeffrey Mills asked in a recent study, with the results ... University of Cincinnati - 12/5/2022Fearlessness can be learned: The absence of a certain serotonin receptor supports the reduction of previously learned fear responsesThe neurotransmitter serotonin plays a key role in both the onset and in the unlearning of fear and anxiety. A research team has been investigating the underlying mechanisms. The researchers showed that mice lacking a specific serotonin receptor unlearn fear much faster than the wild type. The results of the study provide a viable explanation how drugs that are typically used for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) alter our brain activity. The ability to unlearn fear is ... Ruhr-University Bochum - 12/5/2022Immune system irregularities found in women with postpartum mood disorders: New study suggests inflammation may play a key role in maternal mental healthWomen with prolonged mental health problems up to three years after childbirth may be suffering from irregular immune system responses, according to new research by Cedars-Sinai investigators. The findings are published in the American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. "We found that women who had clinically elevated symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) two to three years after delivery had genetic evidence of a higher prevalence of ... Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - 12/5/2022Studies ID ways to help young adults avoid health impacts of stressIt's well established that experiencing stress can hurt our physical health. Now two new studies find that younger adults who take preemptive steps to respond to stress are better able to avoid those negative health outcomes. "The fact that we have two studies with the same results highlights the importance of proactive coping for younger adults when it comes to handling stress," says Shevaun Neupert, corresponding author of a paper on the two studies and a professor of psychology at ... North Carolina State University - 12/5/2022Playing the piano boosts brain processing power and helps lift the bluesA new study published by researchers at the University of Bath demonstrates the positive impact learning to play a musical instrument has on the brain's ability to process sights and sounds, and shows how it can also help to lift a blue mood. Publishing their findings in the academic journal Nature Scientific Reports, the team behind the study shows how beginners who undertook piano lessons for just one hour a week over 11 weeks reported significant improvements in recognising ... University of Bath - 12/2/2022Being comfortable with aging can benefit sex life: MU study shows positive perceptions of aging can benefit sexual satisfaction among older adultsResearchers have long known that having a positive outlook can benefit a person's health. Now, a new study by the University of Missouri has found older adults who feel positively about aging have a healthier sex life — a finding that didn’t surprise the researcher, who’s been studying the benefits of the positive perceptions of aging. “There’s really robust and quickly growing literature about perceptions of aging,” said Hanamori Skoblow, the lead author of the study. “We know positive ... University of Missouri-Columbia - 11/28/20221 in 8 older adults experienced depression for the first time during the COVID-19 pandemicA new, large-scale study of more than 20,000 older adults in Canada found that approximately 1 in 8 older adults developed depression for the first time during the pandemic. For those who had experienced depression in the past, the numbers were even worse. By the autumn of 2020 almost half (45%) of this group reported being depressed. Published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, the research analysed responses from the Canadian ... University of Toronto - 11/24/2022Low to moderate stress is good for you: Mild levels of stress force your body to optimize brain cognition, body functionThe holidays are a stressful time for many, but that may not be a bad thing when it comes to your brain functioning, according to new research from the Youth Development Institute at the University of Georgia. The study found that low to moderate levels of stress improve working memory, the short-term information people use to complete everyday tasks like remembering someone’s phone number or recalling directions on how to get to a specific location. There is, however, a caveat, ... University of Georgia - 11/22/2022Transgender youth, teens more likely to have sleep disorders: A study finds those who had gender-affirming therapies were less likely to have sleep disorders, suggesting a possible protective effectTeens and young adults who are transgender are four times more likely to have a sleep disorder compared to cisgender youth, a Michigan Medicine-led study finds. Researchers analyzed claims data from more than 1.2 million young people aged 12 to 25, of which 2,603 identified as transgender or gender-nonconforming. Results published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine reveal that transgender youth are 5.4 times more likely to have insomnia and three times more likely to have ... Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan - 11/21/2022Deprivation in childhood linked to impulsive behavior in adulthood: Researchers found a link between childhood deprivation, impulsive behavior and addictions later in lifeChildren who have experienced deprivation are more likely to make more impulsive choices than those who don't and can lead to addictions in later life -- research has shown. 'Trait impulsivity', the preference for immediate gratification, has been linked to spending more on food, especially unhealthy, highly calorific food. Studies have shown that children who experience poverty and food insecurity tend to have a higher body-mass index as adults than those who do not. Aston University - 11/17/2022NIH researchers unlock pattern of gene activity for ADHDResearchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have successfully identified differences in gene activity in the brains of people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study, led by scientists at the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), part of the NIH, found that individuals diagnosed with ADHD had differences in genes that code for known chemicals that brain cells use to communicate. The results of the findings, published in Molecular Psychiatry ... NIH/National Human Genome Research Institute - 11/16/2022Corporal punishment affects brain activity, anxiety, and depressionDon't spank your kids. That's the conventional wisdom that has emerged from decades of research linking corporal punishment to a decline in adolescent health and negative effects on behavior, including an increased risk for anxiety and depression. Now, a new study explores how corporal punishment might impact neural systems to produce those adverse effects. Corporal punishment can be simply defined as the "intentional infliction of physical pain by any means for the purpose of ... Elsevier - 11/16/2022People with attachment anxiety more likely to create false memories when they can see the person talkingAdults who frequently worry about being rejected or abandoned by those closest to them are more prone to having false memories when they can see who is conveying the information, a new study suggests. The authors, SMU's Nathan Hudson and Michigan State University's William J. Chopik, found that adults with attachment anxiety tend to remember details incorrectly more often than people with other personality types, like neuroticism or attachment avoidance. Southern Methodist University - 11/15/2022Feeling lonely? What we want from our relationships can change with age: Older people in particular may have certain relationship expectations that have gone overlooked in efforts to measure and fight lonelinessNot everyone’s holiday plans resemble a Hallmark card. If the “most wonderful time of the year” isn’t your reality, you’re not alone. You might have an idea of a festive picture-perfect holiday season, but what actually transpires doesn’t always measure up. And that’s where loneliness comes from, says King’s College London graduate student Samia Akhter-Khan, first author of a new study on the subject. “Loneliness results from a discrepancy between expected and actual social relationships,” ... Duke University - 11/14/2022Mindfulness-based stress reduction is as effective as an antidepressant drug for treating anxiety disorders, study findsA guided mindfulness-based stress reduction program was as effective as use of the gold-standard drug -- the common antidepressant drug escitalopram -- for patients with anxiety disorders, according to results of a first-of-its-kind, randomized clinical trial led by researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center. The findings appear in JAMA Psychiatry on November 9, 2022, and follow the October 11, 2022, announcement by the United States Preventive Services Task Force ... Georgetown University Medical Center - 11/9/2022Was I happy then? Our current feelings can interfere with memories of past well-beingMany of us spend our lives chasing "happiness," a state of contentment that is more difficult for some to achieve than others. Research in Psychological Science suggests that one reason happiness can seem so elusive is that our current feelings can interfere with memories of our past well-being. "Happy people tend to overstate the improvement of their life satisfaction over time, whereas unhappy ones tend to overstate the deterioration of their level of happiness. This indicates a certain ... Association for Psychological Science - 11/9/2022Motivation is affected by oxidative stress, nutrition can helpIn life, motivation can be the difference between success and failure, goal-setting and aimlessness, well-being and unhappiness. And yet, becoming and staying motivated is often the hardest step, a problem which has prompted much research. A very small part of that research has looked into the question of metabolism. "Do differences in metabolites in the brain affect our capacity for motivation?" asks Professor Carmen Sandi at EPFL's School of Life Sciences. "If that is the case, could ... Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - 11/7/2022Prenatal acetaminophen use linked to sleep, attention problems in preschoolersAcetaminophen use during pregnancy is associated with sleep and behavior problems consistent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a study by Penn State College of Medicine researchers. Acetaminophen is a common drug used to treat a variety of issues, including fever, infection, muscle pain, headache, migraine, colds and allergies. Traditionally, the medication has been considered by medical professionals to be safe for use during pregnancy. Penn State - 11/4/2022Having suffered trauma during childhood triples the risk of suffering a serious mental disorder in adulthood, study findsSuffering psychological trauma during childhood significantly increases the risk of developing a mental disorder in adulthood. Specifically, as much as three times, according to a recent study led by researchers at the Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, published in the journal European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. The study analyses the fourteen reviews and meta-analyses published to date in specialised journals on this issue, and is the first to take into ... IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) - 11/3/2022Parental discord may be an indicator of children's genetic risk for future alcohol misuse: Genetic risk for alcohol problems may be transmitted across generations through exposure to parental discord or divorce, research findsParents can transmit a genetic risk for alcohol problems to their children not only directly, but also indirectly via genetically influenced aspects of the home environment, such as marital discord or divorce, according to a Rutgers researcher. The study, published in Molecular Psychiatry, found that children's exposure to parents' relationship discord or divorce is associated with the potential for alcohol use disorder as adults. "Previous research has shown that genes that predispose ... Rutgers University - 11/3/2022Teens with COVID-19 knowledge reported better well-beingA pandemic survey found that adolescents who answered more COVID-19 test questions correctly also reported lower stress, anxiety and depression as well as lower loneliness and fear of missing out, also known as FOMO. For the study, published in the Journal of Child and Family Studies, Washington State University researchers surveyed 215 teens ages 14-17 across the U.S. in July 2020 during the early months of the pandemic. "Knowledge was a good thing. The teens who did better ... Washington State University - 11/2/2022Problem drinking linked to increased risk of suicide and self-harmProblematic alcohol use is associated with increased odds of suicide or self-harm, according to a new study led by UCL researchers. The study, published in BJPsych Open, did not identify a clear association with levels of alcohol consumption and risk of suicide or self-harm, other than among those with ‘probable dependence’ (the highest consumption level); rather, they identified signs of alcohol negatively impacting people’s lives as risk factors. University College London - 11/2/2022Morning blue light treatment improves sleep in patients with PTSDPeople with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experienced better sleep, a reduction in the severity of PTSD symptoms and more effective treatments after exposure to blue light therapy, according to a new study conducted by researchers in the University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson’s Department of Psychiatry and recently published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. Sleep is crucial for maintaining physical and mental health, and inadequate sleep over ... University of Arizona Health Sciences - 11/1/2022Mass school shootings are not caused by mental illness, study finds: Data from Columbia Mass Murder Database reveal psychosis and other serious psychiatric illness absent in the majority of perpetratorsA research team at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI) examining 82 mass murders that occurred at least partially in academic settings throughout the world, found that most mass murderers and mass shooters did not have severe mental illness. The study, led by Ragy R. Girgis, MD, and Gary Brucato, PhD, associate research scientist, also found that most mass murderers used firearms, and semi- or fully-automatic firearms ... Columbia University Irving Medical Center - 10/31/2022Feeling chirpy: Being around birds is linked to lasting mental health benefitsNew research from King's College London has found that seeing or hearing birds is associated with an improvement in mental wellbeing that can last up to eight hours. This improvement was also evident in people with a diagnosis of depression -- the most common mental illness worldwide -- indicating the potential role of birdlife in helping those with mental health conditions. Published in Scientific Reports, the study used smartphone application Urban Mind to collect people's real-time ... King's College London - 10/27/2022The major chord that cures nightmaresOppressive, frightening, nerve-wracking: nightmares are particularly disturbing dreams. They are considered pathological when they occur frequently (>1 episode per week) and cause daytime fatigue, mood alteration and anxiety. Although Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) has shown some effectiveness, some patients do not respond to this treatment. A team from the UNIGE and the HUG has developed a promising new technique combining this classic therapy with the Targeted ... Université de Genève - 10/27/2022Outpatient visits are critical to success of treating opioid-use disorder, researchers find: Patients who participate in multiple outpatient visits early in treatment are more likely to continue carePeople with opioid-use disorder who enter treatment are at risk for relapse, overdose or death if they engage in less than two outpatient visits in their first month of care, according to a study coauthored by Rutgers researchers. The study, published in The American Journal of Psychiatry, examined the likelihood of patients continuing treatment for opioid-use disorder during their first month in care based on how often they engaged in outpatient visits or other professional services. Rutgers University - 10/26/2022Study: How Early Fears Play Role in Future Anxiety, DepressionA recent imaging study led by a scientist at The University of Texas at Dallas has identified early risk factors linked to children’s temperament and a neural process that could foretell whether an individual might develop depression and anxiety in adolescence and early adulthood. The study, published Oct. 26 in JAMA Psychiatry, tracked a cohort of 165 individuals from 4 months old, between 1989 and 1993, through age 26. Dr. Alva Tang, assistant professor of psychology in the School of ... University of Texas at Dallas - 10/26/2022
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