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Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy increases postpartum depression risk for at least three years, study findsWomen exposed to higher levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) or inhalable particulate matter (PM10) during the second trimester of pregnancy face an almost fourfold increased risk of postpartum depression, compared to women exposed to lower levels of those air pollutants. That higher risk persists for at least three years, according to a study just published in the journal Science of the Total Environment. “What’s really novel about this work is that we were able to extend the ... Keck School of Medicine of USC - 9/11/2024Recognize the effects of serious assault on victims’ families, new study urgesTraditionally, victims have been seen as those directly harmed, but the paper from the Violence and Society Centre and the UKPRP VISION consortium at City St George’s, University of London indicates that those closely related to the victim, such as family members, also endure substantial harm. As a result, the authors suggest that policies and support services must also recognise the effects of serious assault on victims’ families. City St George’s, University of London - 9/11/2024Screen time and social media use linked to eating disorder symptoms in young adolescents: Excessive social media use tied to binge eating, worry about weight gain, and body image distressAs adolescents continue to spend more time on screens and social media, a new study finds that among 9 to14-year-olds, excessive time online is associated with a higher risk of having eating disorder symptoms. These symptoms include worrying about gaining weight, tying one’s self-worth to weight, compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain, binge eating, and experiencing distress over binge eating. “Social media promotes constant comparisons to peers and exposure ... University of Toronto - 9/10/2024Anxiety and depression linked to chronic pain in childrenYoung people with chronic pain are three times more likely than their peers to also have clinical anxiety or depression, a new review has found. Led by researchers at Macquarie University, the study suggests a third of children under the age of 18 who have chronic pain also meet the criteria for anxiety disorder, while one in eight meets the criteria for a depressive disorder. The results are published in the latest edition of JAMA Paediatrics and comprise a metareview of ... Macquarie University - 9/9/2024Cognitive behavioral therapy enhances brain circuits to relieve depressionCognitive behavioral therapy, one of the most common treatments for depression, can teach skills for coping with everyday troubles, reinforce healthy behaviors and counter negative thoughts. But can altering thoughts and behaviors lead to lasting changes in the brain? New research led by Stanford Medicine has found that it can -- if a therapy is matched with the right patients. In a study of adults with both depression and obesity -- a difficult-to-treat combination -- cognitive behavioral ... Stanford Medicine - 9/6/2024Serotonin to bounce back from adversityThe simple act of observing others cope with a traumatic experience can increase our capacity for resilience and prevent the pathological states that can result from it, notably depression. Neuroscientists at UNIL have demonstrated the presence of this “emotional contagion” in mice, and successfully deciphered its mechanism. The neurotransmitter serotonin, released in a brain structure called the habenula, has been shown to be the key to resilience. University of Lausanne - 9/5/2024Banning friendships can backfire: Moms who 'meddle' make bad behavior worse: Study on maternal disapproval of children's friends shows unforeseen consequences of well-intended interferenceDelinquent activities almost always occur outside of the home and away from adult supervision, so it is only natural for parents to blame peers for their child's bad behavior. Not surprisingly, many parents also assume that they can prevent future problems by limiting contact with suspicious peers. However, a new study cautions parents -- especially meddling moms -- to resist the temptation to prohibit friendships because doing so only makes a bad situation worse. How can this be? Florida Atlantic University - 9/4/2024New research has found prescribing nature can improve happiness and reduce anxietyA £5.77m cross-governmental funded project has shown that expanding access to Green Social Prescribing can promote wellbeing and improve mental health. Researchers from the University of Exeter - in partnership with the University of Sheffield, Sheffield Hallam University, and University of Plymouth - have today (September 4) published a report for the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) on their findings into efforts to increase access to Green Social Prescribing, ... University of Exeter - 9/4/2024Depressed adolescents twice as likely to vape: Critical need for mental health support to prevent vaping onsetA study on vaping behaviour among Australian high school students has found those who reported severe depressive symptoms were over twice as likely to have tried e-cigarettes, compared to those reporting no depressive symptoms. Data showed overall higher e-cigarette use among those with poorer mental health, including severe depressive symptoms, moderate and high stress, and low wellbeing. The findings show a critical need for effective mental health support at the ... University of Sydney - 9/2/2024How hope beats mindfulness when times are toughA recent study finds that hope appears to be more beneficial than mindfulness at helping people manage stress and stay professionally engaged during periods of prolonged stress at work. The study underscores the importance of looking ahead, rather than living "in the moment," during hard times. Mindfulness refers to the ability of an individual to focus attention on the present, in a way that is open, curious and not judgmental. Essentially, the ability to be fully in the moment. North Carolina State University - 8/30/2024Why children can't pay attention to the task at hand: Researchers closer to understanding why kids 'over explore'Scientists have learned that children find it hard to focus on a task, and often take in information that won't help them complete their assignment. But the question is, why? In a new study, researchers found that this "distributed attention" wasn't because children's brains weren't mature enough to understand the task or pay attention, and it wasn't because they were easily distracted and lacked the control to focus. It now appears that kids distribute their attention broadly either ... Ohio State University - 8/26/2024Could psychedelic-assisted therapy change addiction treatment?After years of being seen as dangerous “party drugs,” psychedelic substances are receiving renewed attention as therapies for addiction -- but far more research is needed, according to a new special series of articles in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, published at Rutgers University. Psychedelics are substances that essentially alter users’ perceptions and thoughts about their surroundings and themselves. For millennia, indigenous cultures have used plants ... Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs - 8/26/2024Study of 18 million people finds increased mental illnesses incidence following severe COVID-19, especially in unvaccinated peopleA new study that examined health data on 18 million people reveals higher incidence of mental illnesses for up to a year following severe COVID-19 in unvaccinated people. Vaccination appeared to mitigate the adverse effects of COVID-19 on mental illnesses. The University of Bristol-led study, published in JAMA Psychiatry today [21 August], investigated associations of COVID-19 with mental illnesses according to time since diagnosis and vaccination status. University of Bristol - 8/21/2024Does cognitive behavioral therapy benefit cancer survivors?A recent analysis of all relevant published studies reveals clear benefits of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for improving mental health and quality of life in cancer survivors. The findings, which are published in Cancer Medicine, extend CBT’s effects beyond what has long been known in the general population. For the analysis, investigators uncovered 132 clinical trials comparing CBT with controls, including standard therapy, waitlist control, or active/alternative therapy. Wiley - 8/21/2024Inflammation during childhood linked to onset of mental health issues in early adulthood – study revealsChildren who have persistently raised inflammation are at a higher risk of experiencing serious mental health disorders including psychosis and depression in early adulthood, according to a study published today in JAMA Psychiatry. The research lead by the University of Birmingham also found that those who had experienced inflammation at a young age were at a higher risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases such as insulin resistance - an early form of diabetes. University of Birmingham - 8/21/2024The power of play: Strengthening senior wellbeing through generational bondsWatching your children frolic through a playground is one of the many joys of being a parent or grandparent, but new research has found that engaging in play with kids could help improve mental health. Researchers from the University of South Australia (UniSA) and the University of Canberra (UC) have explored the benefits of intergenerational play through specially designed playgrounds for kids and adults. Intergenerational play brings young children and older people ... University of South Australia - 8/20/2024Growth from adversity: How older adults bounced back from the COVID-19 pandemicDuring a pandemic, attention is usually focused on the immediate challenges, such as managing the disease, ensuring safety and coping with disruptions in daily routines. Adversity, while difficult, can sometimes lead to positive effects. For older adults living in retirement communities, there has been limited research on how the COVID-19 pandemic and its regulatory measures affected them. Additionally, there is scant research on any potential positive effects for this population. Florida Atlantic University - 8/20/2024Arts and crafts improves your mental health as much as having a job, scientists find: Scientists find that taking part in creative activities boosts people’s sense that life is worthwhile, their happiness, and their satisfaction with lifeCould arts and crafts help protect the public’s mental health? A new study in Frontiers in Public Health provides evidence that indulging our creative side could provide everyone with a significant wellbeing boost. Because arts and crafts are relatively affordable and accessible, promoting the public’s access to artistic activities could provide a major boost to public mental health. “Crafting and other artistic activities showed a meaningful effect in predicting people’s sense that ... Frontiers - 8/16/2024Child-parent therapy has biological benefits for traumatized kids: UCSF study is the first to show Child-Parent Psychotherapy may slow down biological aging in children who have experienced traumaPsychotherapy sessions with caregivers may help prevent serious disease later in life for young children who have experienced significant trauma, a new UC San Francisco study finds. Past research has shown that young children benefit psychologically for up to nine years after dyadic, child-parent treatment for trauma, but this is the first time a biological benefit from this treatment has been found. UCSF researchers looked at the effects of dyadic therapy on a biomarker ... University of California - San Francisco - 8/14/2024Less sleep and later bedtime in childhood linked to future substance useA good night's sleep is essential for children's health and development, but childhood sleep patterns may also be linked to future substance use. A new study, led by a team of Penn State researchers, found that adolescents were more likely to have consumed alcohol or tried marijuana by age 15 if they went to bed later and slept fewer hours during childhood and adolescence. The team published their findings in Annals of Epidemiology. "The study suggests that there might be ... Penn State - 8/13/2024Childhood maltreatment is associated with greater cognitive difficulties than previously thoughtNew research from the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King’s College London and City University of New York suggests that the cognitive difficulties associated with childhood maltreatment, and particularly neglect, have been grossly underestimated in previous studies. The research, published in Lancet Psychiatry, suggests that the overreliance on retrospective self-reports of maltreatment in research has resulted in a biased evidence base that ... King's College London - 8/13/2024A 'thank you' goes a long way in family relationshipsYou’ve probably heard that cultivating gratitude can boost your happiness. But in marriage and families, it’s not just about being more grateful for your loved ones — it’s also important to feel appreciated by them. Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have previously explored the positive impact of perceived gratitude from romantic partners for couples’ relationship quality. In a new study, they show the benefits of perceived gratitude also apply to parent-child ... University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences - 8/9/2024Processing traumatic memories during sleep leads to changes in the brain associated with improvement in PTSD symptomsCurrently, the first-choice treatment for PTSD is exposure-based psychotherapy, where therapists help rewire the emotions associated with the traumatic memory in the patient’s brain, shifting from fear and arousal to a more neutral response. However, up to 50% of patients fail to respond well to this treatment. In a new study published on August 7 in the Cell Press journal Current Biology, scientists showed for the first time that reactivating therapeutically-altered memories ... Cell Press - 8/7/2024What happens to your brain when you drink with friends?Grab a drink with friends at happy hour and you’re likely to feel chatty, friendly and upbeat. But grab a drink alone and you may experience feelings of depression. Researchers think they now know why this happens. “Social settings influence how individuals react to alcohol, yet there is no mechanistic study on how and why this occurs,” said Kyung-An Han, Ph.D., a biologist at The University of Texas at El Paso who uses fruit flies to study alcoholism. University of Texas at El Paso - 8/6/2024In law enforcement, a link between head injuries and depression, PTSD: Study suggests 3 in 4 officers have experienced at least 1 concussionA new study is the first to shed light on the high prevalence of head injuries, and related mental health symptoms, in a previously overlooked population when it comes to concussion surveillance: law enforcement officers. The survey of Ohio law enforcement officers found that 74% reported a lifetime history of one or more head injuries, and 30% had a head injury that happened on the job. Many more of these injuries went unreported than were treated by a health care professional. Ohio State University - 8/5/2024Judging your own happiness could backfire: Experiencing emotions with acceptance is more useful, study findsJudging how happy you are could backfire and negatively impact life satisfaction and psychological well-being, according to research published by the American Psychological Association. In three experiments comprising more than 1,800 participants, researchers found that having concerns or judgments about one's own level of happiness were associated with lower well-being, due in part to greater negativity and disappointment about positive events. American Psychological Association - 8/1/2024Pandemic exacerbated depression in older adults with diabetes: Risk factors for depression included loneliness, chronic pain and being femaleA recent study of more than 2,700 older Canadians reported older adults with diabetes faced a heightened risk of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cohort, almost 50% of those who had a pre-pandemic history of depression experienced depression during the pandemic. Those who experienced loneliness were among the most impacted. “During the pandemic, loneliness almost tripled the risk of depression in older adults with diabetes,” says clinical pharmacist and ... University of Toronto - 7/31/2024New clues point towards how exercise reduces symptoms of depressionThe processes in the brain and body through which physical exercise reduces depressive symptoms have been explored by UCL researchers. Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with disruptions to several brain and psychological processes, including impaired learning and memory. Physical activity, especially aerobic exercise, has been found to reduce depressive symptoms, but until now the processes behind this have been poorly understood. University College London - 7/29/2024Losing a loved one may speed up agingLosing someone close, like a family member, can make you age faster, says a new study from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and the Butler Columbia Aging Center. The study found that people who lost a parent, partner, sibling, or child, showed signs of older biological age compared to those who hadn't experienced such losses. The research was published in JAMA Network Open. Biological aging is the gradual decline in how well your cells, tissues, and ... Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health - 7/29/2024Can anxiety increase the risk of developing dementia?In a study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, both chronic and new anxiety were associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, where anxiety had resolved, there was no association with dementia risk. The study included 2,132 individuals with an average age of 76 years who were participating in the Hunter Community Study in Australia and who were followed for an average of 10 years. The presence of chronic anxiety and new onset anxiety ... Wiley - 7/24/2024New Partnerships Improve Life Satisfaction for Single Mothers: New partnerships boost life satisfaction probably through financial stabilityIdeally, a family is a protective space, a social network, and a team that supports each other. But what happens when children are raised by a single mother instead of two parents? Single mothers in particular can face significant challenges regarding their mental health and overall life satisfaction. Previous studies have shown that compared to two-parent families they have poorer mental health and are less satisfied due to increased stress, financial insecurity, and smaller ... Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research - 7/23/2024Postpartum depression could be screened at the source: Researcher seeks solutions for parental mood and anxiety disorders at Children’s National HospitalOne in eight new moms will experience sadness, hopelessness, and feelings of overwhelm in the first year after having a baby, a statistic that is even higher for those with newborns receiving emergency services. Beyond the “baby blues,” perinatal mood and anxiety disorders - often referred to under the umbrella term “postpartum depression” - are serious illnesses that can have significant and lasting impact on the patient, infant, and family. Virginia Tech - 7/22/2024Bipolar disorder & alcohol: It’s not as simple as ‘self-medication’: Study shows even temporary increases in drinking can lead to long-lasting changes in symptoms, but not vice versaBipolar disorder and alcohol problems seem to go hand-in-hand, leading to a widespread belief that drinking acts as a kind of “self medication” to ease bipolar’s life-altering symptoms of mania, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances and more. But a new study suggests a much more complex interaction between the two. Using ten years of data from nearly 600 people with bipolar disorder who volunteered for a long-term University of Michigan study, researchers show that even ... Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan - 7/22/2024Your therapist wants you to go outside: Meta-analysis of existing research shows exposure to nature benefits those with diagnosed mental illnessSpending time in nature—even as little as 10 minutes—can yield short-term benefits for adults with mental illness, according to a new study published in the peer-reviewed journal Ecopsychology. The new meta-analysis examined 30 years of published research on the social, mental and physical health effects of exposure to nature, including urban nature. Numerous studies have shown that spending time in nature reduces stress, improves thinking and boosts one’s mood. University of Utah - 7/18/2024Multiple moves during childhood can increase the risks of depression in later lifePeople who experience a significant number of moves before the age of 15 are over 40% more likely to be diagnosed with depression in later life, a new study has shown. The research, published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry, analysed all residential locations of almost 1.1 million people born in Denmark between 1981 and 2001 and who stayed in the country during the first 15 years of their lives. It then tracked those same individuals into adulthood, and found at least 35,000 ... University of Plymouth - 7/17/2024Youth with conduct disorder show widespread differences in brain structureA neuroimaging study of young people who exhibit a persistent pattern of disruptive, aggressive, and antisocial behavior, known as conduct disorder, has revealed extensive changes in brain structure. The most pronounced difference was a smaller area of the brain's outer layer, known as the cerebral cortex, which is critical for many aspects of behavior, cognition and emotion. The study, co-authored by researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), is published in The Lancet Psychiatry. NIH/National Institute of Mental Health - 7/17/2024Visualizing addiction: How new research could change the way we fight the opioid epidemicNew research from a Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience researcher could transform how we understand the way opioids affect the brain. Despite significant discussion surrounding the ongoing opioid crisis, current understanding of how opioids function in the brain is quite limited. This is primarily due to challenges in observing and measuring opioid effects in the brain in real-time. However, a recent technological breakthrough, led by Dr. Lin Tian and her research ... Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience - 7/15/2024Who responds to an adaptive treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa using family based treatment?: Outcomes from a randomized clinical trialA study in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP), published by Elsevier, investigated adaptive treatment for Anorexia Nervosa (AN), a serious psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality. The current evidence supports the use of Family-Based Treatment (FBT). However, recovery rates for youth with AN are about 40% with FBT. Improving treatment outcomes in this adolescent age group will save lives, improve health, ... Elsevier - 7/15/2024Doctors suffering burnout need compassion not blame, says top GPDoctors, nurses and other healthcare staff suffering burnout should be shown compassion and not blamed for being unwell, according to a leading GP. Clare Gerada says employers often treat physicians as ‘naughty schoolchildren’ when they go sick or suffer mental health problems. Professor Dame Gerada, past president of the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP), is calling for more comprehensive guidance that focuses on ‘kindness’ and ‘sensitivity’. The doctor, who helped Taylor & Francis Group - 7/14/2024Narcissism decreases with age: But people who are more narcissistic as children tend to remain so as adultsPeople tend to become less narcissistic as they age from childhood through older adulthood, according to a study published by the American Psychological Association. However, differences among individuals remain stable over time -- people who are more narcissistic than their peers as children tend to remain that way as adults, the study found. "These findings have important implications given that high levels of narcissism influence people's lives in many ways -- both the ... American Psychological Association - 7/11/2024
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